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Online translator translates documents and websites from Chinese, French, German, Italian, Japanese, Korean and other languages into English and vice versa.


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Punctuation Marks


Practice yourself in little things, and thence proceed to greater. - Epictetus


Punctuation marks are symbols that are used in sentences and texts to make the meaning clearer.


What should ESL teachers tell their students about English punctuation marks?


Brackets    (  )   [  ]   {  }   < >
Brackets are used in pairs. They separate meaningful elements in texts and sentences.
We usually distinguish four types of brackets:
1. Round Brackets (  )
Synonyms: brackets, oval brackets, curved brackets, parentheses, parens, fingernails.
2. Square Brackets  [  ]
Synonym:  box brackets.
3. Curly Brackets {  }
Synonym: braces.
4. Angle Brackets < >
Synonym: chevrons.


Dashes     -   –   —   ~
Four types:
1. Hyphen  -
Hyphens join words and parts of words.
2. En dash (half the width of the em dash ) –
En dashes join words and parts of words.
3. Em dash — 
Em dashes separate parts of sentences.
4. Swung dash ~
Swung dashes separate inexact or inaccurate quantities, approximates, and alternatives.


Ellipsis    ...
Ellipses indicate pauses, omission of words and unfinished thoughts.


Semicolon   ;
Semicolons separate similar sentences and groups of words.


Slash   /
Slashes separate similar words and phrases; extensively used in computing and mathematics.
Synonyms: stroke, virgule, scratch comma, forward slash, slant bar, slant, oblique dash, diagonal, solidus, separatrix.


Question Mark    ?
Synonyms: question point, interrogation point, note of interrogation, query, eroteme.


Exclamation Mark    !
Exclamation marks express strong emotions.


Full Stop    .
Synonyms: stop, period, full point, decimal point and dot.


Colon    :
Colons are used between numbers and after words that give examples or explanations. 


Comma    ,
Commas separate ideas; they are also used in many other cases.


Quotation Marks    ‘ ’, “ ”
Quotation marks are basically used to begin and to end quotations.


Apostrophe    ’ 
Apostrophe indicates possessive case, omission of letters, the plurals of numbers, and abbreviations; it also separates letters from words.

Complete information about English punctuation is available in a number of web sources, grammar textbooks and manuals.
  


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